Basic guide for API beginners

Hello, today we come to bring you a guide for dummies on the use of the API, as we have talked about in previous articles, APIs are mechanisms that allow two software components to communicate with each other through a set of definitions and protocols. For example, the meteorology institute’s software system contains daily weather data(AWS,2024)

APIs can operate in four different ways, depending on the timing and reason for their creation.

SOAP API: These APIs use the Simple Object Access Protocol. The client and server exchange messages using XML. This is a less flexible API that was more popular in the past.

RPC API: These APIs are called Remote Procedure Calls. The client completes a function (or procedure) on the server, and the server returns the result to the client.

WebSocket API: The WebSocket API is another modern development of the web API that uses JSON objects to transmit data. The WebSocket API supports bidirectional communication between client and server applications. The server can send callback messages to connected clients, making it more efficient than the REST API.

REST API: These are the most popular and flexible APIs found on the web today. The client sends requests to the server as data. The server uses this client input to initiate internal functions and returns output data to the client. Let’s take a closer look at REST APIs below.

What Are REST APIs?

REST stands for Representational State Transfer. REST defines a set of functions such as GET, PUT, DELETE, etc. that clients can use to access server data. Clients and servers exchange data using HTTP.

The primary feature of REST API is that it is stateless. The absence of state means that servers do not store client data between requests. Client requests to the server are similar to URLs typed into the browser to visit a website. The server’s response is simple data, without the typical graphical representation of a web page.

What Is a Web API?

A web API or web service API is an application processing interface between a web server and a web browser. All web services are APIs, but not all APIs are web services. The REST API is a special type of web API that uses the standard architectural style explained earlier.

Different terms related to APIs, such as Java API or service APIs, exist because APIs were historically created before the World Wide Web. Modern web APIs are REST APIs, and the terms can be used interchangeably.

What Are API Integrations?

API integrations are software components that automatically update data between clients and servers. Some examples of API integrations include automatic cloud data syncing from your phone’s image gallery or automatic time and date syncing on your laptop when traveling to another time zone. Businesses can also use them to efficiently automate many system functions.

What Benefits Do REST APIs Offer?

• Integration: APIs are used to integrate new applications with existing software systems. This increases development speed since every functionality doesn’t have to be written from scratch. You can use APIs to leverage existing code.
• Innovation: Entire sectors can change with the arrival of a new application. Companies must respond quickly and support the rapid implementation of innovative services. To do this, they can make changes to the API without having to rewrite all the code.
• Scalability: APIs present a unique opportunity for companies to meet the needs of their customers on different platforms. For example, the maps API allows map information to be integrated into websites, Android, iOS, etc. Any company can provide similar access to its internal databases by using free or paid APIs(AWS,2024)
• Ease of maintenance: The API acts as a gateway between two systems. Each system is required to make internal changes so that the API is not affected. Thus, any future changes made by one party to the code will not affect the other.

What Are the Different Types of APIs?

APIs are classified according to their architecture and scope of use. We have already explored the main types of API architectures; now let's look at the scope of use (AWS, 2024).

• Private APIs: These are internal to a company and are only used to connect systems and data within the company.
• Public APIs: They are open to the public, and anyone can use them. There may or may not be authorization and cost associated with this type of API.
• Partners API: Only authorized third-party developers can access them to assist in business-to-business partnerships.
• API Composites: They combine two or more different APIs to address complex system requirements or behaviors.

What is an API endpoint and why is it important?

API endpoints are the final points of contact in the API communication system. These are the URLs of servers, services and other specific digital locations from which information is sent and received between systems. API endpoints are crucial for enterprises for two main reasons:

• Safety: API endpoints make the system vulnerable to attacks. API monitoring is crucial to prevent misuse.
• Performance: API endpoints, especially those with high traffic, can cause bottlenecks and affect system performance.

How to secure a REST API?

All APIs must be secured through proper authentication and monitoring. The two main ways to secure REST APIs are as follows:

• Authentication tokens: They are used to authorize users to make the API call. Authentication tokens verify that users are who they say they are and that they have the access rights for that specific API call. For example, when logging into the email server, the mail client uses authentication tokens for secure access (AWS, 2024).
• API keys: API keys verify the program or application making the API call. They identify the application and ensure that it has the necessary access rights to make the API call in question. API keys are not as secure as tokens, but they allow you to monitor the API to collect usage data. You may have noticed a long string of characters and numbers in your browser URL when visiting different websites. This string is an API key that the website uses to make internal API calls (AWS, 2024).

NOW THE REAL QUESTION! How to create an API?

Creating a desirable API that other developers will want to work with and trust requires dedication and effort. The following are the five steps necessary for a high-quality API design:

1. API planning: API specifications, such as OpenAPI, provide the blueprint for designing your API. It is best to think about different use cases in advance and ensure that the API complies with current development standards.
2. Creation of the API: API designers create API prototypes using reusable code. Once the prototype is tested, developers can customize it to internal specifications.
3. API testing: API testing is similar to software testing and should be performed to avoid bugs and defects. API testing tools can strengthen API testing against cyber-attacks.
4. API documentation: Although APIs are self-explanatory, documentation serves as a guide to improve their use. Well-documented APIs that offer a variety of functions and use cases tend to be more popular in a service-oriented architecture.
5. API Marketing: Just as Amazon is an online marketplace for retail, there are API marketplaces where developers can buy and sell APIs. Publishing your API can allow you to monetize it.

What are API tests?

API testing strategies are similar to other software testing methodologies. The main objective is to validate server responses. API testing includes the following:

• Make multiple requests to API endpoints to test performance.
• Write unit tests to verify business logic and functional correctness.
• Test security by simulating attacks on the system.

How to write API documentation?

Writing complete API documentation is part of the API management process. API documentation can be generated automatically with tools or written manually. Some best practices include:

• Write explanations in simple, easy-to-read English. Tool-generated documents can be complicated and require editing.
• Use code examples to explain the functionality.
• Maintain accurate and up-to-date documentation.
• Adapt the writing style for beginners.
• Cover all the problems that the API can solve for users.

How to use an API?

Among the steps to implement a new API are:

• Obtain an API key.

  This is done by creating a verified account with the API provider.

• Configure an HTTP API client. This tool allows you to easily structure API requests using the API keys received.

  If you don't have an API client, you can try structuring the

 request on your own in your browser. For this, please refer to the API documentation.

  Once you get used to the new API syntax, you can start using it in your code.

Where can I find new APIs?

New web APIs can be found on API websites (such as Inmov's) and directories. API websites are open platforms where anyone can list an API for sale. API directories are repositories controlled and regulated by the directory owner. Expert API designers can evaluate and test a new API before adding it to their directory (AWS, 2024).

Some popular API websites include:

• Rapid API: The world's largest API website, with over 10,000 public APIs and 1 million active developers on the site. RapidAPI allows users to test APIs directly on the platform before confirming their purchase.
• Public APIs: The platform aggregates remote APIs into 40 specialized categories, making it easy to navigate and find the right one to meet your needs.
• APIForThat and APIList: These two websites have lists of over 500 web APIs, along with detailed information on how to use them.

What is an API Gateway?

An API gateway is an API management tool for enterprise customers using a wide range of backend services. API gateways typically handle common tasks such as user authentication, statistics and fee management applied to all API calls.

For example, Amazon API Gateway is a fully managed service that makes it easy for developers to create, publish, maintain, monitor and secure APIs at any scale. It manages all the tasks involved in accepting and processing thousands of concurrent API calls, including traffic management, CORS support, authorization and access control, controlled limiting, monitoring and API version management.

What is GraphQL?

GraphQL is a query language developed specifically for APIs. It prioritizes providing clients with exactly the data they request and nothing else. It is designed to make APIs fast, flexible and easy to develop. As an alternative to REST, GraphQL provides frontend developers with the ability to query multiple databases, microservices and APIs with a single GraphQL endpoint. Organizations choose to build APIs with GraphQL because it helps them develop applications faster. Learn more about GraphQL here.

AWS AppSync is a fully managed service that facilitates GraphQL API development by handling secure connection to data sources like AWS DynamoDB, AWS Lambda, etc. AWS AppSync can send real-time data updates via Websockets to millions of clients. For mobile and web applications, AppSync also provides access to local data when devices are offline. Once deployed, AWS AppSync automatically scales up and down the GraphQL API execution engine to meet API request volumes.

What other options do I have if I want to implement an API?

At Inmov, we specialize in lower cost API implementations, along with constant monitoring and support. Our focus is on delivering efficient and affordable solutions tailored to our clients' specific needs. By leveraging our API integration expertise, we ensure seamless connectivity between systems while optimizing performance and minimizing expenses. In addition, our comprehensive approach to cybersecurity ensures that your data remains protected against potential threats, bringing peace of mind and reliability to your operations. With Inmov, you not only get cost-effective API solutions, but also benefit from enhanced security measures and unparalleled support, empowering your business to thrive in today's digital environment.

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